Next we move the arrows up one more note which gives us the notes E-G-B, play these together and you will be playing an E minor chord. So now we slide the arrows up by one note, which gives us the notes D-F-A, if we play those notes at the same time we will be playing a D minor chord. Try to keep the image of those arrows in your mind because all we are doing from here on out is simply moving it up by one note, and playing the resulting chord. Looking at the first line, you will see that we take the first, third and fifth degrees from the C major scale which turn out to be C-E-G, and when we play those notes together at the same time, we will be playing a C major chord in its most basic form, a triad. Looking at the first chart, you will see a two octave C major scale repeated seven times along with an eighth that is simply the first chord repeated. Below you will find two charts, the first is more of a visual diagram as harmony is a very visual process, and the second shows the traditional musical notation. To keep things simple, we will be harmonizing a C major scale which has no sharps or flats, so we can focus on the actual harmony rather than keys.
The term triad refers to the fact that there are three notes in the chord, there are also tetrads that have four notes, pentads that have five notes and hexads that have six notes, this lesson will cover triad harmony. There is also secundal harmony which moves up in either major or minor seconds, and quartal harmony that moves up in fourths.
This is known as tertian harmony because each interval in the resulting chord is either a major third, or minor third apart.
The most common formula is to take the first, third and fifth degrees of a scale when building triads, then move up one scale degree and take the second, fourth and sixth degrees then continue this process until you reach the original chord. In music theory, harmonization is the process of building chords from a given scale using common formulas.
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